Prevention of the catastrophes
Nuclear power plant -- expedient of rapid cooling of a nuclear reactor
The explosion of an atomic station is a сatastrophe for humanity. Atomic power station explosions originate in the conditions of nuclear reactor excessive heating. Cooling of the modern atomic boilers is carried out by water, pumping in the reactor chamber. A fatal deficiency of an existing expedient is small efficiency of cooling of the reactor in breakdown regimes. It is caused by low thermal conductivity of water and small velocity of its transportation. In an existing expedient of cooling the large supplies of fresh not warmed water are required. But as these reserves are on the considerable distance from the reactor it is impossible to put water operatively from a place of its storage to the reactor. All it in aggregate leads to atomic power station explosions - catastrophe.
Water from the mentioned conservation reservoir, which has natural temperature, is used for cooling of a condenser of the atomic power station. Delivery of a major water discharge from the conservation reservoir and the subsequent dumping of waste warm water in a surrounding medium is required for a condenser. Building of such conservation reservoirs, occupying major territory, essentially breaks ecological equilibrium of medium. Besides, as energy of a nuclear reactor is spent for heating of the dumped water, then efficiency of the reactor decreases accordingly. The Unified Theory of Nature made it possible to develop the expedient of preventing explosion of a nuclear reactor.
Expedient of rapid cooling of a nuclear reactor of nuclear power plant is based that in certain requirements water thermal energy can be taken bypassing the process of heat conduction. Prompt takeoff of thermal energy of a fluid in the new expedient is made on the basis of use of the natural phenomenon, opened by the Unified Theory of Nature «Heat-mechanical shock in a fluid» (The expedient of reception of energy see).
At origination of the heat-mechanical shock in water there is a reorganisation of structure of water. By that the water thermal energy transfers in energy of the tensioned chains of molecules. It leads to the shock wave occurrence, which energy is formed of water thermal energy.
At maintenance of tap of energy of this shock the fluid temperature in the specified band of cooling system of nuclear power plant sharply decreases. By that the processes of reorganisation of structure of a fluid and the subsequent motion of a shock wave proceed with a sound velocity in a fluid. Thus, heat removal from a fluid of nuclear power plant can be made with enormous velocity in comparison with known velocities of transport in nuclear power plants.
The cooling expedient consists that the additional water contour, joined to the free space in the reactor, is inducted into a nuclear reactor. A pair of parallel plates from the rigid material on an arcuation are placed in this contour, and also in a water contour of the condenser. The plates are removed from each other and approached smoothly periodically. By that one extremity of each plate with the same name leads of second at a motion of plates on a mutual distance and rapprochement. In the end of the mutual distance of plates velocity of a distance sharply is increased and then reduced ("The expedient of reception of energy" see above).
In the water, inhausted by the specified motion of plates, i.e. in space between them, there is a heat-mechanical shock. The specified shock is transmitted a surface of the plates. At use for takeoff of the gained mechanical energy, for example, the piezoelectric transducer with an electromechanical force factor 0,7, the energy of water and accordingly the temperature, in the range its liquid state, is downgraded on 70 %. So at the starting temperature of cooling water of nuclear power plant 40 0 C, after of passage of one operation period of plates, for example 1 c, the water temperature, pushed out by the plates, will be equal 40 0 C – 40 0 C ∙ 0,7 = 12 0 C.
For prompt decrease of water temperature in cooling system of nuclear power plant to temperature of close to a limit of its liquid state it is enough to erect the same plates after the specified and to start them in operation by the specified expedient. For prompt decrease of water temperature in greater volume the quantity of pairs of plates is increased, these pairs erected in consecutive order and parallellyin the contour and start them in operation simultaneously.
Thus, the expedient allows to select promptly (passing slow processes of transportation of water and thermodynamic processes of a heat transfer) heat from the technological medium - the water, which are flowing about the reactor of nuclear power plant. It sharply brakes a nuclear reactor at its trying to get out a normal thermal regime, preventing nuclear disaster. In a normal operating regime of the nuclear power plant such takeoff of heat from water in a condenser gives an additional energy output, that will essentially raise efficiency of the nuclear power plant.
The featured expedient allows to transfer to the closed circuital integral cooling system of a nuclear power plant condenser without water dump in the conservation reservoir, that will excludel requirement of the nuclear power plant for the conservation reservoir and accordingly will exclude surrounding medium heating, which will reduce the danger of global warming.
The expedient of cooling of a nuclear reactor can be used also in all views of liquid-cooled engines, including in rocket engines, that will essentially raise efficiency of the drive in the absence of heat dissipation in a surrounding medium.